Introduction In recent years, significant advancements in smart oxygen delivery systems have...

During surgical procedures, maintaining adequate oxygen delivery to tissues is crucial for...

Neurosurgical procedures, particularly those involving the dura mater, present unique challenges for...

Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a critical concern in neurosurgical patients and those with...

Introduction Atelectasis, or the collapse of lung tissue, is a common and potentially serious...

Introduction Atelectasis, a common pulmonary complication during the perioperative period, is...

Introduction Welcome to our in-depth look at NMDA (N-Methyl-D-aspartate) receptor...

Nerve injuries during anesthesia, while rare, can have significant implications for patient outcomes...

Introduction Introduction In anesthesiology, differentiating between chronological and physiological...