Order of Elements in the Vancouver Style Citation: Example Citation: If there are three authors: Smith AB, Brown EF, Patel JK. Monitoring advancements in pediatric anesthesia: A comprehensive review. Pediatr Anesth. 2023;33(5):555-67. If there are more than six authors: Smith AB, Brown EF, Patel JK, Williams LM, Davis OP, Chen Y, et al. Monitoring advancements … Read more
Flow-metabolism coupling is a vital physiological mechanism that regulates the brain’s blood flow according to its metabolic demands. This ensures an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain, particularly during anesthesia. Understanding flow-metabolism coupling is essential for anesthesiologists to optimize patient outcomes, especially in surgeries where cerebral perfusion may be compromised. Concept of … Read more
Introduction Lactated Ringer’s (LR) solution is one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloids for fluid resuscitation, particularly in critical care settings such as sepsis, trauma, and major surgeries. It provides not only water and electrolytes but also lactate, which serves as a bicarbonate precursor to help correct acidosis. While LR is largely considered safe … Read more
Venous return is a fundamental aspect of cardiovascular physiology, directly influencing cardiac output and hemodynamic stability, both critical to patient outcomes during anesthesia. For anesthesiologists, understanding the mechanisms that control venous return is essential for managing perioperative fluid therapy, drug interventions, and ventilation strategies. This article offers a detailed review of the factors regulating venous … Read more
World Anesthesia Day, celebrated on October 16th, marks the anniversary of the first successful demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846. Since that historic moment, anesthesiology has evolved dramatically, improving patient care with technological advancements. However, this increasing reliance on digital systems introduces new challenges, particularly in terms of data security. Anesthesiologists must now pay close … Read more
Ringer’s lactate solution (also known as lactated Ringer’s or LR) is widely used in clinical practice, particularly in resuscitation and perioperative care. One of the concerns raised by some clinicians is whether its use significantly increases blood lactate levels, particularly when monitored using arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. This article clearly explains why Ringer’s lactate … Read more
The Bohr equation is a fundamental concept in respiratory physiology, essential for anesthesiologists to assess ventilation efficiency. This equation provides a ratio of physiological dead space volume to tidal volume, offering critical insights into respiratory function during anesthesia and critical care. Understanding this equation helps optimize patient management, especially in cases where mechanical ventilation is … Read more
The Non-Intubated Deep Paralysis (NIDP) technique represents a significant advancement in anesthesia, particularly for surgeries requiring deep sedation, such as vocal cord polypectomy. This article provides a comprehensive overview aimed at anesthesiologists, covering the history, indications, components, advantages, and disadvantages of NIDP. 1. Introduction to NIDP Non-Intubated Deep Paralysis (NIDP) is an innovative anesthesia strategy … Read more
The Anesthetic Conserving Device (ACD) is a game-changing innovation in the field of anesthesiology, offering efficient and controlled delivery of inhalational anesthetics, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). With their ability to bridge traditional anesthesia machines and standard ICU ventilators, ACDs have expanded the use of volatile anesthetics in settings where they were previously impractical. … Read more
Introduction Yes, there is! The point where oxygen delivery becomes inadequate is known as the anaerobic threshold (AT). This critical physiological marker signals the moment when the body’s ability to meet oxygen demands falters, causing it to shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. This shift leads to lactate accumulation, which is a key indicator that … Read more
